Python
如何將帶有 getinfo 的 python 範例轉換為可用函式？
在 Antonopoulos 的書中，我嘗試使用第 49 頁上的範例 3-3，它使用了一個呼叫 python 腳本
rpc_example.py來顯示 JSON-RPC API 的用法：from bitcoin.rpc import RawProxy p = RawProxy() info = p.getinfo() print(info['blocks'])
$ python rpc_example.py應該給哪個394875。當然
getinfo已經被貶低了，我想使用另一個功能，例如getblock.我不確定我是否正確使用它，或者我的語法是否有錯誤，或者下面的問題是否與 python 有關。
我已經在安裝庫時遇到了一些麻煩，
pip install python-bitcoinlib並且也這樣做了，pip3 install python-bitcoinlib因為我不確定我現在遇到的問題是否與 python 版本 2 中的編碼/解碼有關。我現在的程式碼是
from bitcoin.rpc import RawProxy p = RawProxy() infoblock = p.getblock() print(infoblock['difficulty'])這應該列印出塊的難度，至少在我的理解中（我是 python 和比特幣的新手）。
python 2出現以下錯誤：
$ python BuchSkripte/49_rpc_example.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "BuchSkripte/49_rpc_example.py", line 2, in <module> p = RawProxy() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/bitcoin/rpc.py", line 295, in __init__ **kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/bitcoin/rpc.py", line 159, in __init__ if '#' in line: UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 5: ordinal not in range(128)使用 python3 我得到：
$ python3 BuchSkripte/49_rpc_example.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "BuchSkripte/49_rpc_example.py", line 3, in <module> infoblock = p.getblock() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/bitcoin/rpc.py", line 306, in <lambda> f = lambda *args: self._call(name, *args) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/bitcoin/rpc.py", line 238, in _call raise JSONRPCError(response['error']) bitcoin.rpc.JSONRPCError: {'code': -1, 'message': 'getblock "blockhash" ( verbosity )\n\nIf verbosity is 0, returns a string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block \'hash\'.\nIf verbosity is 1, returns an Object with information about block <hash>.\nIf verbosity is 2, returns an Object with information about block <hash> and information about each transaction. \n\nArguments:\n1. blockhash (string, required) The block hash\n2. verbosity (numeric, optional, default=1) 0 for hex-encoded data, 1 for a json object, and 2 for json object with transaction data\n\nResult (for verbosity = 0):\n"data" (string) A string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block \'hash\'.\n\nResult (for verbosity = 1):\n{\n "hash" : "hash", (string) the block hash (same as provided)\n "confirmations" : n, (numeric) The number of confirmations, or -1 if the block is not on the main chain\n "size" : n, (numeric) The block size\n "strippedsize" : n, (numeric) The block size excluding witness data\n "weight" : n (numeric) The block weight as defined in BIP 141\n "height" : n, (numeric) The block height or index\n "version" : n, (numeric) The block version\n "versionHex" : "00000000", (string) The block version formatted in hexadecimal\n "merkleroot" : "xxxx", (string) The merkle root\n "tx" : [ (array of string) The transaction ids\n "transactionid" (string) The transaction id\n ,...\n ],\n "time" : ttt, (numeric) The block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n "mediantime" : ttt, (numeric) The median block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n "nonce" : n, (numeric) The nonce\n "bits" : "1d00ffff", (string) The bits\n "difficulty" : x.xxx, (numeric) The difficulty\n "chainwork" : "xxxx", (string) Expected number of hashes required to produce the chain up to this block (in hex)\n "nTx" : n, (numeric) The number of transactions in the block.\n "previousblockhash" : "hash", (string) The hash of the previous block\n "nextblockhash" : "hash" (string) The hash of the next block\n}\n\nResult (for verbosity = 2):\n{\n ..., Same output as verbosity = 1.\n "tx" : [ (array of Objects) The transactions in the format of the getrawtransaction RPC. Different from verbosity = 1 "tx" result.\n ,...\n ],\n ,... Same output as verbosity = 1.\n}\n\nExamples:\n> bitcoin-cli getblock "00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09"\n> curl --user myusername --data-binary \'{"jsonrpc": "1.0", "id":"curltest", "method": "getblock", "params": ["00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09"] }\' -H \'content-type: text/plain;\' http://127.0.0.1:8332/\n'}
您的程式碼執行良好，但是當您呼叫函式 getBlock() 時出現錯誤，比特幣核心引用 getBlock() 函式有一個參數，此參數是塊的雜湊值。
因此，您的程式碼可以正常工作，因為 RPC 框架響應錯誤
bitcoin.rpc.JSONRPCError: {'code': -1, 'message': 'getblock "blockhash" ( verbosity )\n\nIf verbosity is 0, returns a string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block \'hash\'.\nIf verbosity is 1, returns an Object with information about block <hash>.\nIf verbosity is 2, returns an Object with information about block <hash> and information about each transaction. \n\nArguments:\n1. blockhash (string, required) The block hash\n2. verbosity (numeric, optional, default=1) 0 for hex-encoded data, 1 for a json object, and 2 for json object with transaction data\n\nResult (for verbosity = 0):\n"data" (string) A string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block \'hash\'.\n\nResult (for verbosity = 1):\n{\n "hash" : "hash", (string) the block hash (same as provided)\n "confirmations" : n, (numeric) The number of confirmations, or -1 if the block is not on the main chain\n "size" : n, (numeric) The block size\n "strippedsize" : n, (numeric) The block size excluding witness data\n "weight" : n (numeric) The block weight as defined in BIP 141\n "height" : n, (numeric) The block height or index\n "version" : n, (numeric) The block version\n "versionHex" : "00000000", (string) The block version formatted in hexadecimal\n "merkleroot" : "xxxx", (string) The merkle root\n "tx" : [ (array of string) The transaction ids\n "transactionid" (string) The transaction id\n ,...\n ],\n "time" : ttt, (numeric) The block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n "mediantime" : ttt, (numeric) The median block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n "nonce" : n, (numeric) The nonce\n "bits" : "1d00ffff", (string) The bits\n "difficulty" : x.xxx, (numeric) The difficulty\n "chainwork" : "xxxx", (string) Expected number of hashes required to produce the chain up to this block (in hex)\n "nTx" : n, (numeric) The number of transactions in the block.\n "previousblockhash" : "hash", (string) The hash of the previous block\n "nextblockhash" : "hash" (string) The hash of the next block\n}\n\nResult (for verbosity = 2):\n{\n ..., Same output as verbosity = 1.\n "tx" : [ (array of Objects) The transactions in the format of the getrawtransaction RPC. Different from verbosity = 1 "tx" result.\n ,...\n ],\n ,... Same output as verbosity = 1.\n}\n\nExamples:\n> bitcoin-cli getblock "00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09"\n> curl --user myusername --data-binary \'{"jsonrpc": "1.0", "id":"curltest", "method": "getblock", "params": ["00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09"] }\' -H \'content-type: text/plain;\' http://127.0.0.1:8332/\n'}我認為問題在於你的配置 bitcoin-core，RawProxy 的程式碼，希望將比特幣配置在預設目錄中
這是如何配置庫的程式碼
if service_url is None: # Figure out the path to the bitcoin.conf file if btc_conf_file is None: if platform.system() == 'Darwin': btc_conf_file = os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin/') elif platform.system() == 'Windows': btc_conf_file = os.path.join(os.environ['APPDATA'], 'Bitcoin') else: btc_conf_file = os.path.expanduser('~/.bitcoin') btc_conf_file = os.path.join(btc_conf_file, 'bitcoin.conf') # Bitcoin Core accepts empty rpcuser, not specified in btc_conf_file conf = {'rpcuser': ""} # Extract contents of bitcoin.conf to build service_url try: with open(btc_conf_file, 'r') as fd: for line in fd.readlines(): if '#' in line: line = line[:line.index('#')] if '=' not in line: continue k, v = line.split('=', 1) conf[k.strip()] = v.strip() # Treat a missing bitcoin.conf as though it were empty except FileNotFoundError: pass if service_port is None: service_port = bitcoin.params.RPC_PORT conf['rpcport'] = int(conf.get('rpcport', service_port)) conf['rpchost'] = conf.get('rpcconnect', 'localhost') service_url = ('%s://%s:%d' % ('http', conf['rpchost'], conf['rpcport']))在您的程式碼中，如果您使用正確的語法編寫，您可以使用塊的雜湊執行命令，一個範例
from bitcoin.rpc import RawProxy p = RawProxy() hash = p.getbestblockhash(0) infoblock = p.getblock(hash) print(infoblock['time'])這是比特幣核心的官方文件rpc框架