如何在不同的solidity版本上驗證智能合約

我想在單個文件和多個文件上建構我自己的智能合約驗證系統，其中包含所有 Solidity 版本，就像 etherscan 或其他區塊瀏覽器所做的那樣。

在這篇文章之後，我能夠驗證版本0.5.16上的單文件契約，但進行了一些修改。這篇文章說執行時字節碼以. 所以我修改了執行時字節碼的結束點作為一般案例。a165627a7a72305820``a265627a7a72315820``627a7a72

但是，當我嘗試驗證使用solidity 0.6.12版本創建的多個合約時，我意識到這個合約執行時字節碼不包括627a7a72作為尾端。

這份契約的所有資訊都在這裡。

這是我為驗證所做的。

1. 首先，我使用原始碼（2 個文件-FarmUtils.sol 和 VaultFarmsZapperStaker.sol）對混音進行了編譯
2. 對於 remix 和ftmscan的兩種情況，abis 是相同的。
3. 我在 ftmscan(“optimizer”: { “enabled”: true, “runs”: 400 },) 上獲得了 remix 上的執行時字節碼，這是兩種情況的字節碼。

在Ftmscan 上

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混音_

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字節碼長度：

• Ftmscan : 12668
• 混音：12476

我對它們進行了比較，它們在第 12390 個字元之前是相同的。之後從 12391 到 12453 表示 64 個字元（32 個字節），它們是不同的。

這裡是不同的部分。

• 掃描器：3230123b82c930f1c67bc875788ef28e85d5d02b06bd0e2377eea8322371a8a
• 混音：    dc42e2a2f3dbafcf33685dccc6db6e30dc2eeeb9b0720ec1db7e09c275e3412

之後從 12454 到 12476 表示 11 個字節，它們與64736f6c634300060c0033. 至此，重新混合字節碼完成，Ftmscan 字節碼繼續000000000000000000000000f491e7b69e4244ad4002bc14e878a34207e38c2900000000000000000000000077216b8c728097993e9ef0e1fe527fa4506fd6bc0000000000000000000000007416ccc4b26535ad0580f5bba0d4d237de8d9d52

我在Ftmscan上發現這是用於建構子參數的。

此外，我找不到任何627a7a72用作執行時字節碼的尾隨端點的地方，並且不確定它是用於solidity 版本還是多個合約。

所以總結我的問題

• 如何在多個文件和單個文件上驗證智能合約。
• 如何在上述情況下獲取建構子參數字節碼

我現在完全糊塗了，又回到了起點。任何幫助將不勝感激，並提前感謝。

文章比較老了。我建議看一下Contract Medatata 上的目前文件。它們包含以下註釋：

CBOR 映射還可以包含其他鍵，因此最好完全解碼數據而不是依賴以0xa264. 例如，如果使用了任何影響程式碼生成的實驗性功能，則映射也將包含"experimental": true.

編譯器目前預設使用元數據的 IPFS 雜湊，但將來也可能使用 bzzr1 雜湊或其他一些雜湊，所以不要依賴這個序列以0xa2 0x64 'i' 'p' 'f' 's'. 我們可能還會向這個 CBOR 結構添加額外的數據，所以最好的選擇是使用適當的 CBOR 解析器。

在 0.4.24 元數據中，過去只包含 Swarm 雜湊，這就是為什麼起始字節是0xa1. 三個高位表示它是一個映射（CBOR 中的101= = 映射），五個低位表示映射僅包含一個鍵（ = ）。在使用更高版本編譯的合約中，該映射包含 2 個項目（IPFS 雜湊和編譯器版本），這就是它更改為.5``00001``1``0xa2

接下來的字節 ( 0x65) 以類似的方式打包 - 它表示第一個映射鍵的類型和長度。它更改為0x64因為儲存在 key 下的 Swarm 散列bzzr0已被儲存在一個短一個字節 ( ipfs) 的 key 下的 IPFS 散列替換。

對於穩健的檢測，最好不要對元數據的結構做出太多假設。使用啟發式檢測它從哪裡開始，然後使用適當的 CBOR 解析器對其進行解碼。我認為最好只查找鍵並忽略類型/長度字節。在CompilerStack::createCBORMetadata()solc 0.8.9中查看，我只看到了幾種可能性：

• ipfs
• bzzr1
• experimental
• solc
• bzzr0（存在於舊版本中）

對元數據的更改始終列在編譯器的更改日誌中，因此請留意較新的版本，但對於現有版本，這應該是關於它的​​。

此外，您只需要從從區塊鏈獲得的字節碼中去除它。對於您自己編譯的源，您可以使用該--metadata-hash none標誌來獲取沒有元數據雜湊的字節碼。

話雖如此，我強烈建議在驗證期間不要忽略元數據。如果你使用編譯器接受的 JSON 輸入（而不是扁平化的源）並使用正確版本的編譯器，你應該得到完全相同的字節碼，包括嵌入其中的元數據雜湊。元數據包含所有源文件的雜湊值、它們的路徑和用於建構字節碼的編譯器選項，因此如果您忽略這些差異，您可能會接受修改後的源文件——帶有誤導性註釋、完全不同的變數和契約名稱、更改的許可資訊或甚至是被優化的額外程式碼。實際上，擁有元數據 JSON 和原始原始碼總是足以重新創建精確再現字節碼的編譯器輸入。這就是為什麼建議保留和發布元數據（例如採購）。

忽略元數據的做法已經過時，並且來自舊版本編譯器和驗證工具的限制。例如，過去 etherscan 要求您送出單個源文件，這就是驗證工具使用的常用策略是將所有文件合併為一個的原因。這需要假設您可以簡單地將任何導入替換為相應文件的內容。這在過去可能是正確的，但不能保證現在可以工作，並且計劃了依賴於源單元之間分離的新功能。從 0.4.11 版本開始，編譯器提供了標準化的 JSON 介面，etherscan 也支持它，這是更安全的驗證方式。

引用自：https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/110991