Solidity
驗證另一個智能合約創建的 BEP20 代幣
我正在製定工廠契約以自動為我的使用者創建 BEP20 代幣。
它通常可以創建 BEP20 令牌，但我無法通過 BSCscan 對其進行驗證。
我的契約程式碼如下：
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity ^0.6.0; library SafeMath { function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { uint256 c = a + b; require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow"); return c; } /** * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on * overflow (when the result is negative). * * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator. * * Requirements: * * - Subtraction cannot overflow. */ function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow"); } /** * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on * overflow (when the result is negative). * * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator. * * Requirements: * * - Subtraction cannot overflow. */ function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) { require(b <= a, errorMessage); uint256 c = a - b; return c; } /** * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on * overflow. * * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator. * * Requirements: * * - Multiplication cannot overflow. */ function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested. // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522 if (a == 0) { return 0; } uint256 c = a * b; require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow"); return c; } /** * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero. * * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas). * * Requirements: * * - The divisor cannot be zero. */ function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero"); } /** * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero. * * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas). * * Requirements: * * - The divisor cannot be zero. */ function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) { require(b > 0, errorMessage); uint256 c = a / b; // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold return c; } /** * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo), * Reverts when dividing by zero. * * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert` * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas). * * Requirements: * * - The divisor cannot be zero. */ function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) { return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero"); } /** * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo), * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero. * * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert` * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas). * * Requirements: * * - The divisor cannot be zero. */ function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) { require(b != 0, errorMessage); return a % b; } } interface IERC20 { /** * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence. */ function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`. */ function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * Emits a {Transfer} event. */ function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); /** * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is * zero by default. * * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called. */ function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256); /** * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the * desired value afterwards: * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729 * * Emits an {Approval} event. */ function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); /** * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's * allowance. * * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded. * * Emits a {Transfer} event. */ function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool); /** * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to * another (`to`). * * Note that `value` may be zero. */ event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value); /** * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance. */ event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value); } library Address { /** * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract. * * [IMPORTANT] * ==== * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract. * * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following * types of addresses: * * - an externally-owned account * - a contract in construction * - an address where a contract will be created * - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed * ==== */ function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) { // This method relies in extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the // constructor execution. uint256 size; // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly assembly { size := extcodesize(account) } return size > 0; } /** * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors. * * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation. * * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more]. * * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using * {ReentrancyGuard} or the * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern]. */ function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal { require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance"); // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls, avoid-call-value (bool success, ) = recipient.call{ value: amount }(""); require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted"); } /** * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A * plain`call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this * function instead. * * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this * function (like regular Solidity function calls). * * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value, * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`]. * * Requirements: * * - `target` must be a contract. * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) { return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`. * * Requirements: * * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`. * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) { return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed"); } /** * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts. * * _Available since v3.1._ */ function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) { require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call"); return _functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, errorMessage); } function _functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 weiValue, string memory errorMessage) private returns (bytes memory) { require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract"); // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{ value: weiValue }(data); if (success) { return returndata; } else { // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present if (returndata.length > 0) { // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly assembly { let returndata_size := mload(returndata) revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size) } } else { revert(errorMessage); } } } } contract Context { // Empty internal constructor, to prevent people from mistakenly deploying // an instance of this contract, which should be used via inheritance. constructor () internal { } function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) { return msg.sender; } function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) { this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691 return msg.data; } } contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20 { using SafeMath for uint256; using Address for address; mapping (address => uint256) private _balances; mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) private _allowances; uint256 private _totalSupply; string private _name; string private _symbol; uint8 private _decimals; uint256 initialSupply = 1000000000 * 1e18; /** * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}, initializes {decimals} with * a default value of 18. * * To select a different value for {decimals}, use {_setupDecimals}. * * All three of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during * construction. */ constructor (string memory _tokenName) public { _name = _tokenName; _symbol = _tokenName; _decimals = 18; _mint(msg.sender, initialSupply); } /** * @dev Returns the name of the token. */ function name() public view returns (string memory) { return _name; } /** * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the * name. */ function symbol() public view returns (string memory) { return _symbol; } /** * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation. * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should * be displayed to a user as `5,05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`). * * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless {_setupDecimals} is * called. * * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}. */ function decimals() public view returns (uint8) { return _decimals; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}. */ function totalSupply() public view override returns (uint256) { return _totalSupply; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}. */ function balanceOf(address account) public view override returns (uint256) { return _balances[account]; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}. * * Requirements: * * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address. * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`. */ function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) { _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount); return true; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}. */ function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) { return _allowances[owner][spender]; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-approve}. * * Requirements: * * - `spender` cannot be the zero address. */ function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) { _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount); return true; } /** * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}. * * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}; * * Requirements: * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address. * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`. * - the caller must have allowance for ``sender``'s tokens of at least * `amount`. */ function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) { _transfer(sender, recipient, amount); _approve(sender, _msgSender(), _allowances[sender][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance")); return true; } /** * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller. * * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for * problems described in {IERC20-approve}. * * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. * * Requirements: * * - `spender` cannot be the zero address. */ function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) { _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].add(addedValue)); return true; } /** * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller. * * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for * problems described in {IERC20-approve}. * * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. * * Requirements: * * - `spender` cannot be the zero address. * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least * `subtractedValue`. */ function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) { _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].sub(subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero")); return true; } /** * @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`. * * This is internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc. * * Emits a {Transfer} event. * * Requirements: * * - `sender` cannot be the zero address. * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address. * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`. */ function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal virtual { require(sender != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address"); require(recipient != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address"); _beforeTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount); _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance"); _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amount); emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount); } /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing * the total supply. * * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address. * * Requirements * * - `to` cannot be the zero address. */ function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual { require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address"); _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount); _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(amount); _balances[account] = _balances[account].add(amount); emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount); } /** * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the * total supply. * * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address. * * Requirements * * - `account` cannot be the zero address. * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens. */ function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual { require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address"); _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount); _balances[account] = _balances[account].sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance"); _totalSupply = _totalSupply.sub(amount); emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount); } /** * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens. * * This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc. * * Emits an {Approval} event. * * Requirements: * * - `owner` cannot be the zero address. * - `spender` cannot be the zero address. */ function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal virtual { require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address"); require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address"); _allowances[owner][spender] = amount; emit Approval(owner, spender, amount); } /** * @dev Sets {decimals} to a value other than the default one of 18. * * WARNING: This function should only be called from the constructor. Most * applications that interact with token contracts will not expect * {decimals} to ever change, and may work incorrectly if it does. */ function _setupDecimals(uint8 decimals_) internal { _decimals = decimals_; } /** * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes * minting and burning. * * Calling conditions: * * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens * will be to transferred to `to`. * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`. * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned. * - `from` and `to` are never both zero. * * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks]. */ function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual { } } contract CoinFactory { mapping(address => ERC20) public tokens; address[] public tokenAddress; function genCoin(string memory _tokenName) external { ERC20 newToken = new ERC20(_tokenName); tokens[address(newToken)] = newToken; tokenAddress.push(address(newToken)); } }這裡是 BSC 測試網上 CoinFactory 合約創建的 BEP20 代幣：https ://testnet.bscscan.com/address/0x9583022a682d2154c11e7bf6a585d37b4e5c9239 無法驗證。（我的編譯器是 0.6.12）
我確信我的編譯器設置是正確的，因為如果我更改 ERC20 合約的建構子以刪除所有可互換變數，則可以驗證創建的 BEP20。但在這種情況下，我將無法更改 BEP20 代幣的任何內容，例如 totalSuply、symbolName 和 name。
你可以在下面看到這個驗證成功的合約地址，你會看到除了 ERC20 建構子部分之外的程式碼幾乎相同。：https ://testnet.bscscan.com/address/0xe1bfa26e6bdc218c57370dea23441b50e06af5b6#code
我的松露設置如下：我認為它應該沒有任何問題。
const HDWalletProvider = require("@truffle/hdwallet-provider"); path = require("path") const dotenv = require('dotenv'); result = dotenv.config({ path: "./.env" }); if (result.error) { console.log("Fail to load .env varilable: truffle-config.js") throw result.error } module.exports = { contracts_build_directory: path.join(__dirname, "src/contracts"), networks: { development: { host: "localhost", port: 7545, network_id: '*' // Match any network id }, /* Offical BSC doc & tools: ** truffle: https://docs.binance.org/smart-chain/developer/deploy/truffle.html ** developer: https://docs.binance.org/smart-chain/developer/rpc.html ** testnet faucet: https://testnet.binance.org/faucet-smart */ bsctestnet: { provider: () => new HDWalletProvider( process.env.PRIVATE_KEY, `https://data-seed-prebsc-1-s1.binance.org:8545`, 0), network_id: 97, confirmations: 2, timeoutBlocks: 200, skipDryRun: true }, bscmainnet: { provider: () => new HDWalletProvider(process.env.PRIVATE_KEY, `https://bsc-dataseed1.binance.org`, 0), network_id: 56, confirmations: 10, timeoutBlocks: 200, skipDryRun: true }, }, mocha: { // reporter: 'eth-gas-reporter', }, compilers: { solc: { version: "0.6.12", // Fetch exact version from solc-bin (default: truffle's version) }, }, solc: { optimizer: { enabled: true, runs: 200 } } }任何人都知道我在哪裡錯過或誤解了。如果您能教我，將不勝感激。
代幣合約具有從工廠合約傳遞的建構子參數。為了驗證代幣合約，您需要手動提供建構子字節碼。（從外部合約創建時不會自動獲取）。
利用https://abi.hashex.org/為建構子參數創建字節碼。